Plum "early spring": a description of the variety, pollinators, reviews

There is not a single gardener who has bypassedside this tree. Plum has never been wild, it appeared as a hybrid of the turn and cherry plum. There are many varieties of this tree that breeders breed. Many of them are frost-hardy and quickly bring a harvest. One of these species is considered to be "early early".

Plum "early spring": a description of the variety

This variety appeared as a result of the connection"Eurasia 21" with "Volga beauty" and "red dessert". In 1988, the variety was entered in the state register. To date, the register registered only 230 varieties of plum trees.

Plum "early spring" is considered an early ripening variety. Large blue fruits ripen in mid-July.

Characteristics of the plum of this variety:

1. The tree has medium height and a spherical crown, not very thick. Color shoots - dark brown. The height of the plum is "early early" - up to 3 meters.
2. The leaf is large, oval, saturated green, flat.
3. White flowers of medium size, stamens short, pistil long.
4. Fruits are large dark purple hue with a waxy surface and a deep seam.
5. The flesh of the fruit is amber, sweet to taste, with a slight sourness.
6. The fruits appear for 3-4 years, the yield level is high - 15 kg from the tree. Each year, the yield increases. Fruits are used for blanks.

These are the main qualities and description of the plum variety of the "early early river".

Advantages of the variety

Advantages of the plum "early spring":

• brings large fruits weighing 50-60 grams;
• winter hardiness for the suburbs and central Russia is excellent both in wood and in the kidneys;
• fruits are evenly distributed on the tree;
• resistance to diseases;
• fruits have an excellent sweet and sour taste;
• Plum perfectly goes to the workpiece, as the stone is easily separated.

The collected fruits are well transported, have high leavess, if taken 5-6 days before the expected maturation period.

Landing

Plum - a wood unpretentious. But still experts advise planting a tree in the region of its zoning. This will allow to harvest good harvests in the near future.

Plum "early spring" prefers sunnyspacious seats. If there is even a slight shade, the fruits begin to melt, and the leaves turn yellow. It is better if the landing site is slightly elevated. It is very important to choose a place, given these nuances.

Plum can not stand the windy places. A strong whiff can blown away the flowers, and the harvest will be greatly reduced.

It is best to plant a plum next to a fence or a wall of a dwelling. The lowlands are not suitable for her landing, there she will be cold and uncomfortable.

The most suitable soils are sandy loams andlight loamy. It is necessary to monitor the level of groundwater, it should not be less than two meters from the surface. If this condition is not fulfilled in a natural way, it is possible to construct grooves in order for water to flow through them. If a gardener knows that clay or sand is in the depths of the soil, this place will not fit. Swampland also does not like waterlogged places.

Plum is a medium tree, when planting between seedlings it is important to maintain a distance of 4 meters.

You can plant in autumn and spring. The pit is cooked for 2-3 weeks so that the fertilizers can be absorbed into the soil. The pit is digging at a depth of 60 cm and with the same diameter. First, a stake is driven in at 15 centimeters from the seedling.

What to consider when landing:

• in the pit, the soil is buried without any fertilizers;
• root neck at a distance of at least 2-5 cm from the upper border;
• around the tree lay a trench for irrigation.

Care

After planting, the seedling is well watered. On each tree you need at least three buckets of water, this is the optimum size of moisture.

Within two weeks, the plum is no longer watered,and then watering is repeated. If planting was done in the spring, and the soil is strongly moistened, watering can be slightly reduced in volume. Water for irrigation needs to be heated in the sun or in another way. You can not water a sink with cold water, it can lead to diseases of the root system.

To achieve high-quality fruiting,it is necessary not to start growing the seedling. With plum it grows rapidly. All the shoots are torn out. Crop it is useless, because the new one will grow as quickly. Growth of the sprout is a feature of all stone fruit trees. A tearing or wringing can help if the tree has already been fixed. Otherwise, the site runs the risk of turning into impassable jungles.

Trimming

The tree needs to be cut off regularly, otherwise it will be hardIt will thicken, lose its form and will be suppressed by its own branches. Elevated branching adversely affects any fruit tree. The plum should be removed branches grown from the side kidneys. The remaining branches are cut, forming the necessary appearance. The removal is performed several times a month. Necessarily removed sick and dry branches.

After landing on the right place, the tree is necessaryto inspect every year. It is important to monitor the central conductor during the formation of the crown. It should not be displaced lateral shoots. If they overtake the leader, they need to be pruned. Plum regularly requires pruning and thinning, so that it does not turn into a overgrown tree or into a bush reminiscent of a broom.

It is important not to allow the crown to thicken, allthe internal branches are cut for this. Specialists say that inside the crown there should be such a distance that the birds fly by. In this case, the caterpillars will be much smaller. The thinning of the branches of an agronomist is recommended to be performed in a fruitful year.

To maintain the integrity of branches with fruits, make supports under the branches with a mandatory substrate of rubber or rags, so that there is no friction of the bark.

Gardeners believe that it's easier to take care of small trees, unlike tall ones. And the productivity of compact plums is higher, and the frosts are better tolerated.

Feeding

After planting, the tree is not fed for several years. Only regular watering is required, at least once every 7-10 days.

Two years later, fertilizers are introduced:

• in May, urea;
• in June, nitrofosca;
• in August superphosphate.

Diseases and pests

Plum "early spring" is quite resistant to diseases, and pests rarely visit it. But to strive to prevent the emergence of diseases and pests is still worth it.

What is the root of the plum? The most common diseases:

1. The bushiness is the appearance of thin, colorless shoots.
2. Klyasterosporiosis is a fungal lesion, manifested by the appearance of small specks.
3. Moniliosis is a fungal disease, otherwise called fruit rot.
4. Gummosis - the appearance of a gum on the tree.
5. Cockcomicosis is a fungal disease, expressed in red spots on the leaves.
6. Scab - brown spots on the leaves and fruits.
7. Rust - angular rusty specks on the leaves.

To prevent the development of diseases, you need:

• periodically inspect the tree for diseases;
• in time to clean and burn the leaves;
• to remove weeds in the area of ​​the chain of trees;
• plum in the spring to spray Bordeaux liquid.

Plums are affected by such pests:

• fruit mite - microorganism brown 0.5 mm in size;
• hawthorn - light butterfly, reaching 7 cm in size;
• aphids - the most common pest, small insect;
• plum moth - a butterfly that affects fruits;
• ringed silkworm - a butterfly, covered with hairs.

To prevent the appearance of pests, you need:

• remove weeds and foliage from the soil;
• In the autumn dig up the soil;
• handle lime trunk;
• Spray the plum in spring with special compounds.

These simple measures will help to protect trees from parasites and get a good harvest.

Plum "early spring": pollinators

Some gardeners are faced with the fact that the plumdoes not yield a crop. This means that the tree is self-fertile, and he needs pollinators. Plum "early spring" is self-fertile. However, even in the most productive trees, fertility increases when a pollinator appears. If neighbors do not have plums (other varieties), you should purchase trees as quickly as possible.

Pollinators for the river plum are varieties: "etude", "Tambovskaya beauty". For successful tying, experts are also advised to plant next to the plum alycha.

How to choose a plum for planting

There are basic rules of choice that need to be followed:

1. Should be selected zoned varieties. These are varieties listed in the state register and recommended for a specific locality.
2. Do not forget about self-fertility. This quality, characterizing the independence of the tree from the weather and a high level of yield in any conditions. Plum belongs to cross-pollinated crops. Therefore, it is very important that pollen from other trees gets on the pistils. In this case, the binding will be good. But if it is difficult to ensure these conditions on one site, one can prefer self-fertilized varieties of plum.
3. Early maturity is one of the most important indicators. In the central part of Russia, summer quickly ends, so varieties with a long period of vegetation will not work. Early ripening varieties include "early early". She manages to mature in the conditions of a short summer and bring many fruits.

Advice of experienced gardeners for growing plums

To ensure the survival of the plum, you need to choose the best seedlings. They are obliged to fresh roots, there should be no damage to the bark, the trunk without damage.

When planting it is better, if several varieties grow in one area, it will allow cross-pollination to raise the yield.

Regular pruning will help increase yield and form a beautiful crown in the trees.

Plum likes regular watering, lack of moistureIt is dangerous as well as its excessive quantity. The soil moisture can be checked if the soil is digested near the plum. The soil should be wet no less than 40 cm. If less, the sink should be watered.

Reviews about the plum variety of "early spring" are the mostpositive. Gardeners note winter hardiness, early maturity of the variety, excellent fertility, excellent taste and quality of the crop. Fruits are good for any kind of canning. And care for trees of this variety is not complicated at all. These qualities along with the lack of cons add a brand to the category of increasingly in demand with the passage of time.