Thickness of the endometrium. Hyperplastic processes in the uterine mucosa

It is obvious that in order to form a normalpregnancy requires the presence of a healthy embryo and receptive (capable of taking it) of the mucous uterus. It is also obvious that in the middle of the cycle a thin endometrium (less than seven millimeters) causes a sharp decrease in the probability of conception. If less than five millimeters are detected, the possibility of pregnancy is catastrophically reduced.

Specialists in the field of reproductive medicine have been offered quite a lot of ways of the so-called "build-up" of the mucous uterus. However, the most effective method was never found.

Along with this, some clinics continue to engage in research aimed at overcoming this pathology.

As is known, the process of regeneration of the mucosaoccurs in women throughout the reproductive (child-bearing) age. This requires a constant supply of stem cells into the basal layer. Their main sources are adipose tissue and bone marrow. From the cells of adipose tissue, so-called mesenchymal cells are obtained, which have the ability to further transform.

During the research, stem cells were introduced into the endometrium. As one of the results showed, a patient who had previously had eleven unsuccessful attempts at conception had a pregnancy.

It should be noted that the question of the hormonal support scheme remains unknown, and also in which cases this method can be used.

However, the thickness of the endometrium may be toobig. This condition in gynecology is called a hyperplastic process. As the data show, hyperplasia is almost 5% of all gynecological pathologies.

Endometrial thickness too largeis caused by hormonal disorders against the background of diseases of the thyroid gland, ovaries, adrenals. Hyperplastic processes are detected in the mucosa in obesity, diabetes mellitus. The thickness of the endometrium may be affected by an elevated level of estrogen against a background of a relatively low concentration of progesterone. In this case, hyperplasia is due to the fact that the first contribute to the growth of the mucosa, and the second inhibits its excessive growth. Endometrium, the thickness of which is increased, can cause infertility.

Hyperplastic processes can develop inany age. A provoking factor in young patients is the development of the inflammatory process in the uterine cavity. Often, the increased thickness of the endometrium is noted in combination with endometriosis and myoma.

Hyperplastic processes in the mucosa are divided into adenomatous (atypical) and endometrial typical hyperplasia, as well as endometrial polyps.

Polyp is called an isolated, expanding formation in the uterine mucosa. Basically, his education takes place on the so-called leg. Polyps can be either plural or single.

It should be noted that the development of hyperplasticprocesses in the mucosa provoke a potential risk of cancer. At the same time there is a different probability of oncological changes occurring with different types of hyperplasia. As practice shows, the maximum it is considered at the atypical form and is about 40%.

In addition, it should be remembered that not every hyperplasia refers to the precancerous state of the endometrium. According to the recommendations of individual experts, this state should include:

- changes in the mucosa of the adenomatous character at any age;

- glandular hyperplasia during menopause;

- glandular hyperplasia in conjunction with the development of neuroendocrine disorders at any age.