What kind of kidney tumor is dangerous?
Any kidney tumor is a modified site in the tissue of the organ.
All tumors are divided into benign andmalignant. Most common is a simple cyst - a cavity with a fluid that never degenerates into cancer. With a simple cyst, patients live a full life for a long time, and it is diagnosed accidentally, during medical examinations.
A complex cyst with a fluid always requires an additional histological examination and appropriate treatment.
A solid kidney tumor, which consists ofaltered parenchyma, most often of malignant form. Among malignant neoplasms of the kidneys, renal cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma is most common, sarcoma is less common, and more rarely is Vililms tumor.
Benign kidney tumor never has metastases, does not cause edema and ascites, does not give pain and does not require urgent treatment.
- Adenoma of the kidney occurs frequently, mainlyin men after 40 years. This tumor of epithelial nature, grows extremely slowly, small in size. With an increase of more than 2 cm, when there is compression of the ureters and vessels, it is considered a precancerous condition and requires the intervention of doctors.
- Oncocytoma - a rare epithelial tumor of the kidney, which can reach large sizes, is detected accidentally, the treatment is performed surgically.
- Angiomyolipoma is a rare species of benignmesenchymal tumor, which is more common in women older than 35 years. It is often combined with tuberous renal sclerosis, a rare hereditary pathology. In such patients, mental retardation, epilepsy and multiple tumors of other organs are observed. At small sizes, ultrasound monitoring is required in dynamics, and for large tumor sizes surgical methods of treatment are required.
- Fibroma is a kidney tumor, the symptoms of which are absent at all, until it reaches a large size.
- Lipoma is a tumor of surrounding fatty tissue and a capsule of the kidney, which is treated promptly.
- Hemangioma, which develops in the renal pelvis and lymphangioma, is extremely rare.
With volume formations clinically appearrenal colic, back pain, blood in the urine, increased blood pressure, that is, to make a differential diagnosis with kidney cancer becomes extremely difficult.
For diagnosis, ultrasound, CT examination, biopsy and histological examination of kidney tissues are performed.
The prognosis for benign tumors is favorable, but requires constant monitoring and repeated studies in dynamics.
Kidney cancer affects mainly men after 45 years. Hematuria appears in the initial stages, there may be traces of blood in the urine for a long time, which should alert the patient. Later, dull pains appear in the lower back, varicocele. Of the general signs, attention is drawn to weight loss, temperature, anemia, intoxication of the organism, accelerated ESR.
In the third stage of cancer, you can feel the verya tumor, but it is already late. Hepatic disorders increase, the albumin content and prothrombin index decrease, the level of alkaline phosphatase and other enzymes increases.
To confirm that a kidney tumor of a malignant nature will help with additional methods of examination:
1. Ultrasound scanning
2. Radioisotope examination
3. X-ray examination (angiography, urography)
4. CT scan
5. Tomography of the abdominal region
The prognosis of the disease depends on the age of the patient,from the stage of the disease, from metastases and histological findings. Early diagnosis, young age and immaturity of the tumor increase the chances of a favorable outcome. An unfavorable sign are varicocele, which do not disappear in a horizontal position, accelerated ESR, distant multiple metastases.
Correctly conducted postoperative immunotherapy increases the survival of patients for several years.
