Types of vessels in the Russian Federation and their characteristics

Let's analyze the main types of vessels in the Russian Federation,existing at the present time. The entire judicial system of our country is established on the basis of the Constitution of the country, the Federal Constitutional Law relating to this sphere of legislation. In our country, the system is given special attention. In order not to put pressure on its representatives, their work was fair and open, there is a special program to protect the judging.

On the unity of the judicial system

To this end, all world and federal judgescomply with the established production rules of the Federal Law. All types of courts in the Russian Federation use in their work constitutional, federal laws, international treaties of the Russian Federation, other documents existing in the subjects of the Russian Federation. The status of judges is fixed by legislative acts, financing is carried out at the expense of federal funds.

Let's consider the main types of higher courts of the Russian Federation, their features. Let us analyze the main areas of activity of various types of the system, the specifics of their financing.

Functional purpose

Considering the types of vessels in the Russian Federation,structure of general jurisdiction. They are referred to such a court, which considers issues in criminal, civil cases, administrative violations. What types of vessels in the RF are classified in this category? They are republican, oblast, and regional. They include the Moscow, Sevastopol, St. Petersburg city (district) courts, as well as the military.

Federal Courts

Here are the main types of federal courts in Russia. The concept of the legislative system provides for the creation of juvenile, administrative, migration courts. In order to automate their work, the Russian Justice system functions.

The courts of the subjects of the Russian Federation aremiddle link. They are recognized as superior and appellate instances for district courts operating in the regions of the Russian Federation. It is here that a complaint is filed if the plaintiffs disagree with the judge's decision.

District court

It is considered in our country as a binderlink between courts of general jurisdiction. It is in this case that cases are dealt with in the primary instance, and he also performs an appeal function with regard to the magistrates, who carry out their activities in the territory of a certain judicial district.

Here, more difficult cases are considered than inworld courts. They are formed in strict accordance with the main federal legislation. If a district court is formed on the territory of several administrative-territorial entities, it is called an inter-district court. The district court employs professional judges. Their number is determined by the number of applications submitted. Currently, far from all judicial districts, the activity of justices of the peace is carried out. As a result, the duties of district courts include the consideration of cases that are within the competence of world refereeing. In this case, it is possible to appeal decisions on such cases to the appellate instance.

It comes under the jurisdiction of district authorities and resolves all issues relating to pre-trial proceedings. They decide on the following measures of restraint:

• House arrest;
• cash collateral;
• imprisonment for a certain period of time;
• conducting investigative actions (seizure, search, seizure of postal items, recording of telephone conversations).

District judges exercise and post-trialtrial. They deal with cases involving the verification of the authenticity of documents, the fairness and validity of sentencing, the issuance of a court order to the recoverer.

Judging by the volume of actions that are carried outdistrict courts, you can confidently say that this is a medium-level instance. In their competence, any civil cases, regardless of the price of the claim. The only exception is those that are subordinate to military courts, as well as to the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation.

In general, civil cases areplace of permanent residence of the defendant or at the address of the actual registration of the legal entity. Sometimes the jurisdiction is connected with the choice of the plaintiff himself. Currently, such instances are engaged in disputes related to housing, family, land, labor relations, administrative violations, complaints from citizens about the violation of their rights and freedoms.

World refereeing

Until such an instanceexisted, cases were considered by district judges. According to Federal Law No. 137 of 2002, there were world judges on the territory of the Russian Federation. They individually consider those cases that fall within their competence under the Federal Law. The cases at the first instance are considered:

• criminal cases related to crimes, the punishment for which does not exceed three years imprisonment;
• cases of divorce, in the absence of controversial issues related to children between spouses;
• issues of extradition of a court order;
• the establishment of paternity, the deprivation of parental rights, adoption;
• property issues with the price of the claim up to fifty thousand rubles.

District (military) courts

Let us continue our consideration of the question: "Types of vessels in the Russian Federation and their characteristics". Separately it is worth considering military courts that function in the RF Armed Forces, are included in the single judicial system of the country. They were formerly called military tribunals. This system assumes its own classification. Highlight the highest link (military collegium), as well as primary courts. They deal with civil disputes between servicemen and military offenses.

Arbitration Courts

Let's analyze the main types of arbitration courts of the Russian Federation. Their main task is to resolve economic disputes arising between legal entities from administrative, civil, and other types of legal relations. Appellate arbitration courts function as a part of the presidium, the judicial board for the elimination of disputes related to civil and other offenses, as well as the judiciary, which deals with disputes concerning administrative offenses. Its powers include checking the legality and validity of judicial acts that have not entered into legal force. It is this institution that reviews judicial acts, on which new circumstances have opened.

constitutional Court

What types of Constitutional Courts of the Russian Federation functioncurrently? It is a judicial body that exercises independent and independent judiciary through special judicial proceedings. The order of formation, authority, algorithm of the activity of this instance is determined by the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Financial support for its activities is carried out at the expense of the federal budget.

Conclusion

The judicial system, which is currentlyexists on the territory of the Russian Federation, is a well-thought-out structure in which for each individual link its functional purpose is defined. With well-coordinated work of all components of the judicial structure, civil and other types of disputes are considered within the time limits established by the Russian legislation. If the plaintiff disagrees with the decision made by the judge, he has the right to appeal to a higher court.