Personal income tax
The tax on incomes of physical persons assumesretention of a small percentage of wages. This type of tax brings the greatest profit to the country's budget, and therefore helps in the development of the economy as a whole. It assumes the existence of an object and a subject of taxation.
The object is understood as actually receivedincome by citizens of the country. The subject of taxation includes a working individual who is both a citizen of this and another country, and a stateless person. As an income is recognized the annual income of a person, and accounting is maintained both in cash and in kind from all sources, that is, at each workplace. If we talk about non-residents of the country, then when calculating their income, only sources located in the territory of a given country are included.
In the aggregate income is not only the wagesfee, but also rent deductions, profit from the sold-out real estate, pension payments by non-state funds. In addition to the monetary form, accounting for material goods takes place. These include the payment of utility services, subscriptions to magazines, payment of a public transport ticket and receiving a considerable discount for vouchers to health resorts. All this is provided by the employer and requires writing off a small interest in the state fund, therefore, the personal income tax is charged.
Sometimes the employer offers an employeeto buy scarce or expensive goods at a price much lower than the average market price. In this case, the difference is charged on profits and is also subject to taxation. If a legal entity has temporary financial difficulties, payment of labor may be made in kind. The personal income tax takes into account this situation.
Income tax in Russia is paid byEmployer, collecting the necessary amount from the salary of staff. The taxpayer independently pays the tax on personal income accrued on the following types of profit:
- The amount of money received after the sale of personal property, both movable and immovable. Subject to the ownership of the object of taxation for at least three years.
- On wages, if the employer for objective reasons did not contribute to the budget and extrabudgetary funds. In tax practice, it is called tax agents.
- For regular dividends on shares, bonds or other financial instruments, as well as on the rent received from the delivery of real estate.
But the state bodies get a big profit from the tax transferred by employers. The size of income tax on average is 15% of the amount of monthly wages.
Just as any rule presupposes the existence ofexceptions, and in the taxation system, there are benefits that are granted in special cases or in the presence of certain conditions. Thus, benefits are introduced for the taxation of incomes of persons injured or disabled during participation in hostilities. If a minor child undergoes paid education, the benefits are provided for the cost of training. The same benefits are granted for treatment amounting to 25 thousand rubles. Taxes are not subject to amounts intended to help those in need, that is, listed for the purpose of charity.
The personal income tax does not includethe number of objects subject to taxation, the amount of money provided by government agencies, such as insurance or social assistance. The tax rate is differentiated depending on the type of profit.
