Heating element (12 volts): types, characteristics, purpose

The heating element (12 volts) serves forheating of local zones or areas. Devices are divided into several types, each of which has its advantages and disadvantages. Consider their features and characteristics, as well as the scope of application.

Infrared heating element

This device is aA device for heating specific areas where an additional temperature increase or permanent additional heating is required. The configuration of the unit: lavsan film, which contains heating elements from the alloy of iron and magnesium, as well as an aluminum conductor up to four microns, conductive electricity.

Heat is generated in the form of infraredradiation. A heating element (12 volts) of this type is used in production and in everyday life. The abbreviated name of the unit is INE, it allows you to quickly get rid of fogging mirrors and other equipment in rooms with high humidity, and also provide heating of vehicle parts, hives, incubators, seedlings and much more.

Infrared rays, in fact, areheat that spreads directly to a specific object. Such devices are popular in medicine for heating up the inventory and treating certain diseases.

Features of INE

The infrared heating element works withvoltage 12 volts, which makes it possible to aggregate the device with variable and permanent networks, including automobile chains. The considered unit essentially simplifies operation of a vehicle in the winter period, providing heating of mirrors, seats and other units of a car. An additional expansion of the functional is available by using a transformer.

When operating this device, it is important to select the correct operating temperature. The maximum mode for INE is 60-75 degrees Celsius, depending on the modification of the heater.

Characteristics of the heating element (12 volts, infrared):

• Dimensions - 200 * 300 mm.
• The supply voltage is 12 V.
• The power indicator is 24 watts.
• The working temperature on the surface is 60 degrees.
• The maximum weight is 15 g.
• The temperature range is -40 to +50 ° C.

Infrared heaters are used for dryingproducts in both home and industrial quantities. The test results confirmed the expediency of this method, due to the preservation of the useful properties of the product when it quickly dried.

Flexible Heaters

Such an element of 12 volts is used in systemsheating of areas where the mains voltage is not available. The devices can be connected to an automotive network or battery. The length of flat belt type heaters is from 1 to 4 meters. A larger range is not provided due to design features and limitations. The cost of such a device is affected by the shell material and length. At low temperatures, it is recommended to use an ENGL-1 version with a specific power of 32 W / m.

Applications

The belt heating element (12 volts) is used for the following purposes:

• Heating the carburetor.
• Heating solar oil, which eliminates the formation of paraffin sediment.
• Increase in the temperature of the internal components of the vehicle.

Such devices are actively used in the northern regions to adapt the machine to the critically low temperatures.

Below are the characteristics of flexible heaters such as ENGL-1 (in brackets, the parameters of the models ENGL-2 and ENGLU-400 are indicated):

• The temperature limit of the shell is 180 (60/400) degrees Celsius.
• The radius of bending to a minimum is 10 (20/15) mm.
• Power at face value is 4.8 (1.76 / 5) kW.
• Shell - silicone (polyethylene / fiberglass).

All models are waterproof, have high flexibility and ease of installation.

As practice shows, one of them heatsnormal, and with a serial connection - a little worse. The parallel connection causes a reduction in power and a problem with the inclusion of the device. The device is characterized by rapid heating and stable maintenance of the temperature at the required level.

Ceramic samples

Ceramic heating element (12 volts)is a pulse unit consisting of a pair of working parts. The voltage is measured by a standard multimeter. The exact characteristics are indicated in the passport, and the nominal value is 12 volts with the possibility of a circuit break after reaching a temperature limit of 230 degrees. A thermal fuse is provided for this position.

Miniature heating element (12 volts)can do by yourself. This requires nichrome diameter up to 0.1 mm, steel wire a bit large and an asbestos thread with a thin sewing needle. First, the wire winding of steel and nichrome is securely fixed by twisting.

The scheme that serves as thedeterminant of the number of coils of a heating coil. After connecting, the voltage is gradually increased, according to the voltmeter and ammeter readings. At a value of 12 volts, the approximate power of the device is 5.5 W. Use of this invention is possible for the operation of an electric soldering iron or similar tools.

Useful modifications

The heating element for the incubator (12 volts) can be made in several ways. The first of these is heating by means of a carbonaceous cord. Below are its features:

• The possible connection is 12-24 V.
• The device provides rapid heating and active cooling.
• Temperature differences are eliminated due to the lack of inertia.
• With proper maintenance and the creation of a braid, the device will last for many years.
• It is possible to directly connect to the thermostat without fear of failure of the relay.
• The scope of application is heating of the floor or walls in the household, living quarters, incubator, clues, maintaining the microclimate in the greenhouses and on the beds.

Winding is done neatly, using non-conductivecurrent details from textolite, ceramics or similar materials. The cord is connected to the crimp sleeves to which the copper wire is connected. The heating level depends directly on the voltage in the network, which implies the inclusion of a stabilizer in the design.

Heating elements

Such a device has a number of pros and cons. Let's start with the advantages:

• Rapid heating at the manufacturer's specified capacity.
• Simple installation and the possibility of direct connection to the thermostat.
• Stable load resistance.

From the minus signs of susceptibility to deformationdue to mechanical impact, and also connection only to the network with a voltage of 220 V. For reverse it is necessary to purchase an inverter of suitable modification. Another significant drawback of this method of heating incubators is inertia.

Incandescent lamp and film version

A flat film-type heater actson the interior elements of the room, which subsequently heat the air. To further preserve the heat, a reflective substrate is placed under the film. Distinctive features of this model:

• High price.
• Operation from a network of 220 In, for other possibilities of operation the inverter is required.
• The complete set includes a thermal regulator.
• The size and power of the device is fixed - 150 or 220 W per square meter.

The incandescent lamp provides rapid heating,is sold in any hardware store, it is connected to circuits from 12 to 220 V. The heater is as simple as possible in installation and maintenance. The main disadvantage is a sharp change in the resistance of the tungsten filament when the device is turned on.

The result

If an incubator of a largevolume, the heating element is best made from nichrome, incandescent or heating cable. In the case of connecting to a source with a 12 volt output, it is recommended to use flexible types of heaters. It is advisable to take care of the purchase of the generator, because possible interruptions with electricity can lead to spoilage of eggs.