Law on Protection of Competition
At the moment in the territory of the majoritydeveloped countries have a market economy. The main condition for ensuring its effective functioning is freedom of competition. This task is being solved at the state level.
Competition is a rivalry between actors,which excludes the possibility that one of them will unilaterally affect the terms of trade at the appropriate level of the market.
In order for organizations to obtain the necessaryopportunities for their functioning, their rights and obligations are fixed in legal documents. The Law on the Protection of Competition focuses on the prevention of monopolistic activities. In addition, it contains clauses that prevent unfair competition and counter the competition between organizations on the part of government and government.
The area of economicactivities is strictly regulated by law. The most important and fundamental legal document is the Federal Law on Protection of Competition. Conscientious competition between entities is also discussed in the law on joint-stock companies, on entrepreneurship.
The Law on Protection of Competition includes 10chapters, which are divided into 54 articles. Let's try to consider the main points of this legal document. The first chapter outlines the general provisions of the law. That is, it contains the basic concepts (for example, "financial organization", "goods" and much more), the definition of the purpose and subject of the law. The first chapter also specifies the coherence of the actions of organizations and business entities.
The Law on Protection of Competition includes the seconda chapter that is aimed at regulating unfair competition and monopolistic activity. In particular, it contains articles that exclude the possibility of abuse of dominant position. Also, the second chapter of the law regulates the permissibility of "vertical" transactions and agreements.
The third chapter contains a prohibition on the restriction ofhealthy competition from the executive authorities, as well as local government. It also sets out the antimonopoly requirements for the request for price quotations for products, as well as for bidding. The third chapter regulates the peculiarities of concluding transactions and contracts with various financial organizations.
The fifth chapter indicates legal restrictionsmunicipal and state preferences. The sixth chapter regulates the powers and functions of antimonopoly bodies. The seventh chapter indicates the mandatory state influence on the economic concentration that arises in the field of protecting rivalry between entities.
The Law on Protection of Competition includesthe eighth chapter, which is the most important in this legal document. It fixes the mandatory enforcement of orders and decisions of antimonopoly bodies. Also in the chapter the responsibility for infringement of points of the considered legal document and a condition of compulsory division of the organizations is specified.
The ninth chapter specifies the procedure for consideringcases involving a full or partial violation of the antimonopoly law. The tenth chapter of the legal document contains the final provisions of the law. It also regulates the timing of the entry into force of the document in question.
Let's sum up. Law 135 of the Federal Law on Protection of Competition is aimed, first of all, at preventing monopolistic activity of organizations. Its heads also regulate the conditions of competition between economic entities. In a market economy, this legal document is very important and significant.
