Classification of sentences. The incentive proposal as a variety of sentences on the purpose of the utterance
The sentence is the smallest semanticA unit that is a series of words that are related grammatically and in meaning. A sentence, even consisting of a single word, has a complete meaning, is characterized by a certain intonation. In fact, a sentence is a communicative unit.
What are the proposals? It depends on the point of view with which the proposals are considered.
By parsing, these types of sentences are defined in the Russian language.
1. On the purpose of uttering the sentence is divided into:
- Narrative, the purpose of which is the usual transmission of information (The flame shot up into the sky, showering children with a whole firework of golden sparks.)
- Interrogative. Their goal is to formulate the question (How many can I repeat, when will summer come?)
- Incentive. (Equal! Hymn! Sing to me a song.) A prompt proposal expresses an order, a request, a motivation for action.
The incentive offer differs from the rest not only in its special intonation, but also in the way it expresses the predicate. It can be expressed
- Most often the verb in the impulse. (Tell me about the journey.) Sing!)
- A verb in an indefinite (infinitive) form (Scribe! Break this building!)
- Verbs that stand in different forms, but express the will of the speaker (I demand immediate submission!)
- An incomplete sentence without a predicate. Such an incentive can use different turns.
- The construction that begins with the "to" union and passes a categorical order (To your spirit here was not!)
- An infinitive sentence. Such an impulse is usually used to exhort (You should go to the sea).
- An incomplete sentence without a predicate (Newspaper, Silence!)
The intonational incentive offer differs from the others in a higher tonality.
2. Intonationally (by emotional coloring) distinguish exclamation and non-exclamatory sentences (I love the beginning of spring! I love the beginning of spring).
3. Depending on whether there is a subject and a predicate, any kinds of sentences can be two-part (with a subject and a predicate) or one-part (with one main term) (Examples of two-part: Summer has come.) The days became unbearably hot.
The form of a single-member proposal is determined by the presence of a principal member.
Naming (or nominative) sentences have only a subject (Darkness, Silence, Romance).
Impersonal sentences have only a predicate, in which the subject can not be meaningful (in the head it rings with a high temperature.) It is dull and cold.
Definitely personal too do withoutsubject. Their basis is a verb 1-2 persons, acting in the role of a predicate. In such proposals, it is clear to whom the speaker specifically addresses (Shut up, give me the book, I'll sing now).
Generalized personal designs designate actions that all perform (Chicks in the fall believe.) I did the job - go ahead and walk bravely).
Indefinite-personal, where the predicate (verb3 persons standing in the plural) indicates that the action in this design is more important than its producer (Outside the window, loud and beautiful sang of love).
4. In terms of the number of secondary members of the proposal, they are divided into non-distributed and common (I stand.) I look at the sky (non-proliferation). I look at the blue sky (rasprostr.).
5. Proposals are divided into full, incomplete independing on whether all the necessary members are present (I carefully read the textbook on geography (complete).) My mom works in the hospital. Dad is at school. (Incomplete).
6. Finally, the proposals can be:
Simple (I love to read).
Complicated (I love life, but she does not seem to spoil me).
Complicated (in the sky swept swifts, which scared a gun shot).
Complex unsuccessful (the teacher left the class, immediately began a hubbub).
When classifying offers, all characteristics are indicated. For example: I'm reading a book. Offer: narrative, non-exculpatory, two-part, common, complete, simple.
